A few weeks ago, the European Commission presented a proposal for a new multiannual financial framework (MFF) for the period 2028-2034, which amounts to around €1.76-2.0 trillion in commitments (equivalent to 1.26% of the average EU GNI over this period). The structure has been moved to 4 main chapters with simplified programmes and more flexibility in responding to crises and new priorities
Key figures
- Total proposed: €1 763 trillion in 2025 prices (commitments), of which €149.3 billion is earmarked for NGEU debt repayment.
- Breakdown into chapters (commitments, 2025 prices):
- Cohesion, agriculture, prosperity and security: €946.4 billion (53.7%).
- Competitiveness, research, defence and space: €515.1 billion (29.2%).
- External action (“Global Europe”): €190.0 billion (10.8%).
- Public administration: €104.5 billion (5.9%).
- New own resources (average annual estimate): ETS €9.6 billion, CBAM €1.4 billion, e-waste €15 billion, excise duty on tobacco €11.2 billion, Corporate Resource for Europe (CORE) €6.8 billion plus adjustments to existing resources.
- Defence and space: A dedicated window with €131 billion (five times more than in the current MFF). Migration and borders: €34 billion (tripled). Ukraine: Possible support of up to €100 billion over the period.
Country focus: where resources are going (national and regional plans)
The Commission has published national allocations (in current prices) for the Partnership Plans , which align cohesion, the CAP, migration/security and social issues. Among the main ones:
- Poland: €123.3 billion in total (€112.6 billion in total; €1.9 billion for migration/security; €8.8 billion of the Social Climate Fund). → The largest beneficiary of the EU.
- France: €90.1 billion; Spain: €88.1 billion; Italy: €86.6 billion; Germany: €68.4 billion; Romania: €60.2 billion; Greece: €49.2 billion
What does this mean for Poland ?
- The continuity of leadership among the beneficiaries of funds for regional development and agri-social policy, also confirmed by the first official reactions that see Poland as the “main beneficiary” of the new proposal.
- Focus on innovation, security, clean transition and infrastructure through the new European Competitiveness Fund and national/regional plans, subject to conditions on reforms and social objectives (minimum public participation 14%).
Expected dates:
- Second half of 2025-2026: negotiations between Member States (unanimous) and the European Parliament (consensus) on the Multiannual Financial Framework and the package of own resources (ratification at national level may be required for the latter).
- By the end of 2026: political objective – agreement on framework and resources.
- 2027: Final adoption and sectoral acts.
- 1 January 2028: the new Multiannual Financial Framework enters into force.
As the Commission prepares to present a budget of almost €2 trillion, Poland remains at the centre of a new round of European funds, strengthening its key role in priority areas such as agriculture, cohesion, security and climate. The road to a final agreement will be long and challenging, from redefining the rules for EU funds to negotiations between reluctant member states, to the landing of the parliamentary assembly.
Source: CORE reworking.